Graph: FHWA [PDF]Federal funding for pedestrian and bicycle projects reached a new high last year, according to a report released yesterday by the Federal Highway Administration.
In terms of dollars, federal investment in walking and biking more than
doubled compared to the previous high, set in 2007, thanks largely to
an infusion of $400 million in stimulus funds.
The share of
all federal transportation spending devoted to bike-ped projects also
rose to an unprecedented level -- all of two percent. Advocates for
walking and biking applauded the trend while pointing out the potential
for much greater federal commitment to active transportation.
"It continues to be an improvement, and it continues to be a tiny
fraction of the money that's available to potentially be spent on
biking and walking," said Andy Clarke of the League of American
Bicyclists.
Subtracting
the $400 million one-shot in stimulus funding, Clarke noted, yields a
less impressive year-on-year increase. And part of the increase in
reported bike-ped spending might also simply reflect better record
keeping by state DOTs, as agencies document the construction of
sidewalks and bike lanes as part of larger projects, according to
Barbara McCann of the National Complete Streets Coalition.
The
spending figures come from an update on the state of walking and biking
that the feds release every five years. The original National Bicycling
and Walking Study, released in 1994, set two major targets: to double
walk and bike mode-share, from 7.9 percent of all trips to 15.8
percent; and to reduce pedestrian and cyclist fatalities by 10 percent.
Today, walking and biking
account for 11.9 percent of all trips in the country, according to data
from the National Household Travel Survey cited in the FHWA report. The
safety target, meanwhile, has already been met, with pedestrian deaths
down 22 percent and cycling deaths down 13 percent between 1994 and
2008.
In a post on the U.S. DOT Secretary's blog, Ray LaHood implied that the targets have to get more ambitious:
But, we are still talking about 4,378 pedestrians and 716 bicyclistskilled in 2008. No matter how we look at the data, that is just toomany.
One
way to strengthen national goals for walking and biking, Clarke
suggested, is to make them less open-ended and attach specific
timeframes for achieving them. "That performance metric is essential,"
he said, noting that the original 1994 targets were weakened by the
lack of a deadline. "One could argue that we could have achieved [the
mode-share target] years ago. We would say, let's recalibrate, so that
by 2020 we need to reach 20 percent mode share for bike-walk."
The
progress cited in today's report, said Clarke, highlights the need for
a robust federal commitment to walking and biking in the next federal
transportation bill. "States wouldn't have done this if left to their
own devices," he said. "Without the federal leadership, without the
funding and targets, we would not have seen movement voluntarily. We
need that continued federal leadership in the next transportation bill
moving forward. The states have not embraced it sufficiently for it to
be left to chance."
